0. Nhanganyaya
Iyo isina-mutoro ikozvino uye kurasikirwa kwekeji-rudzi rwechitatu-chikamu asynchronous mota yakakosha paramita inoratidza kushanda uye kushanda kwemagetsi kwemota.Iwo data zviratidzo zvinogona kuyerwa zvakananga panzvimbo yekushandisa mushure mekunge mota yagadzirwa uye kugadziridzwa.Iyo inoratidza iyo yakakosha zvikamu zvemota kune imwe nhanho - Iyo dhizaini dhizaini uye yekugadzira mhando ye stator uye rotor, iyo isina-mutoro ikozvino inobata zvakananga simba reiyo mota;iyo isina-mutoro kurasikirwa ine hukama nekushanda kwemota, uye ndiyo yakanyanya intuitive bvunzo chinhu chekutanga ongororo yekushanda kwemota mota isati yaiswa zviri pamutemo kushanda.
1.Zvinhu zvinokanganisa hapana-mutoro ikozvino uye kurasikirwa kwemota
Iyo isina-mutoro ikozvino ye squirrel-mhando yetatu-phase asynchronous mota inonyanya kusanganisa iyo yekukuchidzira ikozvino uye inoshanda ikozvino pane isina-mutoro, iyo inenge 90% ndiyo excitation current, iyo inoshandiswa kugadzira inotenderera magineti uye iri. inoonekwa seyakagadziriswa ikozvino, iyo inokanganisa simba factor COSφ yemota.Saizi yayo ine hukama neiyo mota terminal voltage uye iyo magineti flux density yesimbi musimboti dhizaini;panguva yekugadzira, kana iyo magineti inoyerera density yakasarudzwa yakakwira zvakanyanya kana kuti voltage yakakwira kupfuura yakayerwa voltage kana mota ichimhanya, iyo musimboti wesimbi ichazara, iyo excitation ikozvino ichawedzera zvakanyanya, uye inoenderana isina chinhu. uye iyo simba chinhu chakaderera, saka iyo isina-mutoro kurasikirwa yakakura.Vakasara10%inoshanda ikozvino, iyo inoshandiswa pakurasikirwa kwemagetsi kwakasiyana-siyana panguva yekusatakura-mutoro uye inokanganisa kushanda kwemota.Kune mota ine yakagadziriswa inotenderedza muchinjiko-chikamu, iyo isina-mutoro ikozvino yemota yakakura, iyo inoshanda inobvumidzwa kuyerera ichaderedzwa, uye mutoro wemota uchaderedzwa.Iyo isina-mutoro ikozvino yekeji-rudzi rwechitatu-chikamu asynchronous mota inowanzo30% kusvika 70% yeyakayerwa yazvino, uye kurasikirwa kuri 3% kusvika 8% yesimba rakatemerwa..Pakati pavo, kurasikirwa kwemhangura yemagetsi maduku-ane simba kune chikamu chikuru, uye kurasikirwa kwesimbi yemagetsi emagetsi anokonzera chikamu chikuru.kumusoro.Iko kurasikirwa-mutoro kweiyo hombe furemu saizi motors inonyanya kurasikirwa kwepakati, iyo inosanganisira hysteresis kurasikirwa uye eddy ikozvino kurasikirwa.Kurasika kweHysteresis kwakaenzana neiyo magineti inopindika zvinhu uye sikweya yemagineti flux density.Kurasika kwazvino Eddy kwakaenzana neskweya yemagnetic flux density, sikweya yehukobvu hwemagineti inogoneka zvinhu, sikweya ye frequency uye magineti permeability.Proportional kune ukobvu hwezvinhu.Pamusoro pekurasikirwa kwepakati, kune zvakare kurasikirwa kwekunakidzwa uye kurasikirwa kwemagetsi.Kana iyo mota ine yakakura isina-mutoro kurasikirwa, chikonzero chekutadza kwemota chinogona kuwanikwa kubva kune zvinotevera zvinhu.1) Kusangana kwakashata, inflexible rotor kutenderera, kutadza kutakura mhando, mafuta akawandisa mumabearings, nezvimwewo, zvinokonzeresa kurasika kwemagetsi.2) Kushandisa zvisina kunaka feni hombe kana feni ine mablades akawanda kunozowedzera kukwesha kwemhepo.3) Hunhu hwesimbi yesimbi silicon simbi pepa haina kunaka.4) Kusakwana kwepakati kureba kana kukanganisa kusina kunaka kunoguma nekusakwana kwehurefu hunobudirira, zvichiita kuti kuwedzere kurasikirwa nekurasikirwa nesimbi.5) Nekuda kwekumanikidza kwakanyanya panguva yekumisikidza, iyo yekuvharisa layer ye core silicon simbi pepa yakapwanyika kana kuita kwekudzivirira kweiyo yekutanga insulation layer haina kuita zvinodiwa.
Imwe mota yeYZ250S-4/16-H, ine electric system ye 690V/50HZ , simba re 30KW/14.5KW , uye yakayerwa ikozvino 35.2A/58.1A .Mushure mokunge dhizaini yekutanga uye gungano yapera, muedzo wakaitwa.Iyo 4- pole no-load yazvino yaive 11.5A, uye kurasikirwa kwaive 1.6KW, zvakajairika.Iyo 16- pole hapana-mutoro ikozvino ndeye 56.5A uye hapana-mutoro kurasikirwa ndeye 35KW.Zvinofungidzirwa kuti 16-pole no-load yazvino yakakura uye kurasikirwa-mutoro kwakakura zvakanyanya.Iyi mota inguva pfupi yekushanda system,kumhanya pa10/5 min .The 16-pole motor inomhanya isina mutoro kweinenge1Mineti.Motokari inopisa uye inosvuta.Iyo mota yakabviswa uye yakagadzirwazve, uye yakayedzwa zvakare mushure mechipiri dhizaini.The 4-pole hapana-mutoro ikozvinoiri 10.7auye kurasikirwa ndiko1.4KW ,izvo zvakajairika;iyo 16-pole no-load current is46Auye pasina-mutoro kurasikirwainosvika 18.2KW.Inotongwa kuti hapana-mutoro ikozvino yakakura uye hapana-mutoro Kurasikirwa kuchiri kukuru.A rated load test yakaitwa.Simba rekupinza raive33.4KW, simba rekubudayaiva 14.5KW, uye kushanda ikozvinoyaiva 52.3A, iyo yakanga iri pasi peiyo injini yakayerwa ikozvinoye58.1A.Kana yakaongororwa chete zvichibva pane zvazvino, iyo isina-mutoro ikozvino yaive yakakodzera.Nekudaro, zviri pachena kuti iyo isina-mutoro kurasikirwa yakakurisa.Panguva yekushanda, kana kurasikirwa kunoitwa kana mota ichimhanya ikashandurwa kuita simba rekupisa, tembiricha yechikamu chimwe nechimwe chemota inokwira nekukurumidza.A no-load operation bvunzo yakaitwa uye mota yakaputa mushure mekumhanya kwe2maminitsi.Mushure mekushandura dhizaini kechitatu, bvunzo yakadzokororwa.The 4-pole no-load currentyaiva 10.5Auye kurasikirwa kwaiva1.35KW, zvaive zvakajairika;iyo 16-pole hapana-mutoro ikozvinoyaiva 30Auye pasina-mutoro kurasikirwayaiva 11.3KW.Yakanga yakatemwa kuti hapana-mutoro wezvino wakanga uri muduku zvikuru uye kurasikirwa kusina-mutoro kwakanga kuchiri kukuru., yakaita bvunzo yekushanda isina-mutoro, uye mushure mekumhanyazve3maminetsi, mota yakawedzera kupisa uye kuputa.Mushure mekugadzirisazve, muedzo wakaitwa.The 4-pole haina kuchinjwa,iyo 16-pole hapana-mutoro ikozvinoiri 26a, uye pasina-mutoro kurasikirwairi 2360W.Inotongwa kuti hapana-mutoro ikozvino idiki, iyo isina-mutoro kurasikirwa kwakajairika, uyeiyo 16-danda rinomhanya5maminitsi pasina mutoro, izvo zvakajairika.Zvinogona kuoneka kuti hapana-mutoro kurasikirwa kunokanganisa zvakananga kukwira kwekushisa kwemota.
2.Zvikuru zvinopesvedzera zvinhu zvemotor core kurasikirwa
Mune yakaderera-voltage, yakakwirira-simba uye yakakwira-voltage mota kurasikirwa, mota yepakati kurasikirwa chinhu chakakosha chinokanganisa kushanda zvakanaka.Kurasika kweMotor musimboti kunosanganisira kurasikirwa kwesimbi kunokonzerwa neshanduko mune huru magineti mukati, kuwedzera (kana kurasika) kurasikirwa.mukati mepakati panguva isina-mutoro mamiriro,uye kuvuza kwemagineti minda uye harmonics inokonzerwa nekushanda ikozvino kwe stator kana rotor.Kurasikirwa kunokonzerwa nemagnetic fields musimbi core.Kurasika kwesimbi kwekutanga kunoitika nekuda kweshanduko mune huru magineti musimbi musimboti.Shanduko iyi inogona kuva yealternating magnetization nature, sezvinoitika mune stator kana rotor mazino emota;inogona zvakare kuve yekutenderera magnetization hunhu, sezvinoitika mune stator kana rotor simbi joko remota.Kungave kuri kuchinjanisa magineti kana kutenderera magnetization, hysteresis uye eddy kurasikirwa kwazvino kuchakonzerwa musimbi musimboti.Iko kurasikirwa kwepakati kunonyanya kuenderana nekurasikirwa kwesimbi.Iko kurasikirwa kwepakati kwakakura, kunyanya nekuda kwekutsauka kwezvinhu kubva mukugadzira kana zvinhu zvakawanda zvisina kunaka mukugadzirwa, zvichikonzera kukwira kwemagineti flux density, pfupi pfupi pakati pesilicon simbi mapepa, uye kuwedzera kwakavanzika mukukora kwesilicon simbi. mapepa..Hunhu hwesilicon simbi pepa hauzadzise zvinodiwa.Seyakanyanya magineti conductive zvinhu zvemota, kuita kutevedzera kwesilicon simbi sheet kune simba guru pakuita kwemota.Paunenge uchigadzira, inonyanya kuvimbiswa kuti giredhi resilicon simbi sheet rinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira.Mukuwedzera, iyo giredhi imwechete yesilicon simbi sheet inobva kune vakasiyana vanogadzira.Pane mimwe misiyano yezvinhu zvenyama.Pakusarudza zvinhu, unofanira kuedza nepaunogona napo kusarudza zvinhu kubva zvakanaka nesilicon simbi vagadziri.Huremu hwesimbi yesimbi haina kukwana uye zvidimbu hazvina kuumbwa.Huremu hwesimbi yesimbi haina kukwana, zvichiita kuti yakawandisa ikozvino uye yakawandisa kurasikirwa kwesimbi.Kana iyo silicon simbi pepa yakapendwa zvakanyanya, iyo magineti yedunhu ichave yakawandisa.Panguva ino, hukama hwehukama pakati pe-hapana-mutoro wazvino uye voltage huchakombamira zvakanyanya.Munguva yekugadzirwa uye kugadzirisa kwesimbi musimboti, kutaridzika kwezviyo kweiyo punching pamusoro pesilicon simbi sheet kuchakuvadzwa, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwekurasikirwa kwesimbi pasi peiyo magineti induction.Kune akasiyana frequency motors, kuwedzera kwesimbi kurasikirwa kunokonzerwa neharmonics kunofanirwawo kutariswa;izvi ndizvo zvinofanirwa kutariswa muhurongwa hwekugadzira.Zvinhu zvose zvakafungwa.zvimwe.Pamusoro pezvinhu zviri pamusoro apa, kukosha kwekugadzirwa kwesimbi yekurasikirwa kwemotokari kunofanirwa kuve kwakavakirwa pane chaiyo kugadzirwa uye kugadzirisa kwesimbi musimboti, uye edza kuenzanisa iyo theoretical kukosha nekukosha chaiko.Iwo hunhu macurves anopihwa neakajairika zvinhu vatengesi anoyerwa zvinoenderana neEpstein square denderedzwa nzira, uye magineti nzira yezvikamu zvakasiyana zvemota dzakasiyana.Uku kurasikirwa kwakakosha kwesimbi kunotenderera hakugone kuverengerwa parizvino.Izvi zvinotungamira mukusawirirana pakati peakaverengerwa kukosha uye akayerwa kukosha kune akasiyana madhigirii.
3.Mhedzisiro yekukwira kwemota tembiricha pane insulation chimiro
Iyo yekudziya uye kutonhora maitiro emota yakaoma, uye tembiricha yayo inokwira inoshanduka nenguva mune exponential curve.Kuti udzivise kukwira kwekushisa kwemota kubva pakudarika zvinodiwa zvakajairwa, kune rumwe rutivi, kurasikirwa kunoitwa nemota kunoderedzwa;kune rumwe rutivi, kupisa kwekupisa simba remotokari kunowedzera.Sezvo huwandu hwemota imwe chete huchiwedzera zuva nezuva, kuvandudza sisitimu yekutonhodza uye kuwedzera kupisa kwekupisa kwave matanho akakosha ekuvandudza kukwira kwemota.
Kana mota ikashanda pasi peyakayerwa mamiriro kwenguva yakareba uye tembiricha yaro ichisvika pakugadzikana, iyo inobvumirwa muganho kukosha kwekukwira kwekushisa kwechikamu chimwe nechimwe chemota inonzi tembiricha yekukwira.Iyo tembiricha yekukwira kwemuganho wemota yakatemwa mumitemo yenyika.Iyo tembiricha yekukwira muganho inoenderana neyakakura tembiricha inotenderwa neyakagadzika chimiro uye tembiricha yepakati yekutonhora, asi zvakare ine chekuita nezvinhu zvakaita seye tembiricha yekuyera nzira, kutamisa kupisa uye kupisa kwekupisa mamiriro emhepo, uye kupisa kuyerera kwesimba kunobvumirwa kugadzirwa.Iyo mechanic, yemagetsi, yemuviri uye zvimwe zvimiro zvezvinhu zvinoshandiswa mumotor winding insulation chimiro zvichadzikira zvishoma nezvishoma pasi pesimba rekushisa.Kana tembiricha ichikwira kune imwe nhanho, zvimiro zvesimbi yekuvharisa zvinozoitika shanduko dzakakosha, uye kunyangwe Kurasikirwa kwekugona kudzivirira.Mutekinoroji yemagetsi, zvimiro zvekudzivirira kana masisitimu ekudzivirira mumamotor nemidziyo yemagetsi zvinowanzo kupatsanurwa kuita mamakisi akati wandei anodzivirira kupisa zvichienderana nekupisa kwazvo.Kana dhizaini kana sisitimu ichishanda pamwero unowirirana wetembiricha kwenguva yakareba, kazhinji haigone kuburitsa shanduko dzekuita zvisina kufanira.Insulating zvimiro zveimwe giredhi isingadziviriri giredhi inogona kunge isiri yese yekushandisa insulation zvinhu zvegiredhi rimwechete rinodzivirira kupisa.Iyo giredhi inodzivirira kupisa kweiyo insulation chimiro inoongororwa zvizere nekuita bvunzo dzekuenzanisa pamuenzaniso wechimiro chinoshandiswa.Iyo insulating dhizaini inoshanda pasi peyakatsanangurwa tembiricha yakanyanyisa uye inogona kuwana hupenyu hwehupfumi hwebasa.Theoretical derivation uye kudzidzira zvakaratidza kuti kune exponential hukama pakati pehupenyu hwesevhisi yeiyo insulation chimiro uye tembiricha, saka inotarisisa tembiricha.Kune mamwe-akakosha-chinangwa mota, kana hupenyu hwavo hwesevhisi husingadiwi kuti huve hwakareba, kuti uderedze saizi yemota, tembiricha inobvumidzwa yemota inogona kuwedzerwa zvichienderana neruzivo kana data rekuyedza.Kunyangwe tembiricha yenzvimbo yekutonhodza ichisiyana neinotonhodza uye yekutonhodza inoshandiswa, kune akasiyana siyana ekutonhodza masisitimu anoshandiswa parizvino, tembiricha yepakati yekutonhodza inoenderana netembiricha yemuchadenga, uye inhamba yakafanana netembiricha yemuchadenga.Zvakawanda zvakafanana.Nzira dzakasiyana dzekuyera tembiricha dzinoita kuti pave nemusiyano wakasiyana pakati petembiricha yakayerwa uye tembiricha yenzvimbo inopisa zvakanyanya muchikamu chiri kuyerwa.Kupisa kwenzvimbo inopisa zvakanyanya muchikamu chiri kuyerwa ndiyo kiyi yekutonga kana mota ichigona kushanda zvakachengeteka kwenguva yakareba.Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvakakosha, tembiricha yekukwira kweiyo motor winding kazhinji haina kunyatso kurongedzerwa nehupamhi hunotenderwa tembiricha yeiyo insulation chimiro chinoshandiswa, asi zvimwe zvinhu zvinofanirwa kutariswa.Kuwedzera kuwedzera tembiricha yemotor windings zvinowanzoreva kuwedzera kwekurasikirwa kwemota uye kudzikira kwekuita.Kuwedzera kwekupisa kwemhepo kunokonzeresa kuwedzera kwekushushikana kwekupisa mumidziyo yezvimwe zvikamu zvine hukama.Zvimwe, zvakadai se dielectric properties yekudzivirira uye simba remagetsi ezvigadzirwa zvesimbi conductor, zvichava nemigumisiro yakaipa;zvinogona kukonzera kunetsa mukushanda kweiyo bearing lubrication system.Naizvozvo, kunyangwe mamwe mota windings parizvino anotora KirasiF kana Kirasi H insulation zvimiro, tembiricha yavo yekukwira miganho ichiri kuenderana neKirasi B mitemo.Izvi hazvingotarise zvimwe zvezvinhu zviri pamusoro, asiwo zvinowedzera kuvimbika kwemota panguva yekushandiswa.Iyo inobatsira zvakanyanya uye inogona kuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa remota.
4.mukupedzisa
Iyo isina-mutoro yazvino uye isina-mutoro kurasikirwa kwekeji matatu-chikamu asynchronous mota inoratidza kukwira kwekushisa, kunyatsoita, simba chinhu, kugona kwekutanga uye zvimwe zvinonyanya kuita zviratidzo zvemota kusvika pamwero wakati.Kunyangwe iyo inokodzera kana kwete inokanganisa zvakananga kuita kwemota.Maintenance marabhoritari vashandi vanofanirwa kugona mitemo yekumisa, kuve nechokwadi chekuti mota dzinokwanisa dzinobva mufekitori, kuita mutongo pamamotor asina kukodzera, uye kuita gadziriso kuitira kuti zviratidziro zvemamotor zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvechigadzirwa zviyero.a
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-16-2023