Mutongi wemotokari anosanganisira zvinhu zviviri zvikuru, hardware uye software.Yayo yakakosha software uye zvirongwa zvinowanzo gadzirwa nevagadziri, nepo auto zvikamu zvinopa vanogona kupa mota controller Hardware uye vatyairi vari pasi.Panguva ino, tsvakiridzo yekune dzimwe nyika pamotokari inodzora mota dzemagetsi dzakachena dzinonyanya kutarisisa mota dzemagetsi dzakachena dzinofambiswa ne-mu-vhiri.mota.Kune mota dzemagetsi dzakachena dzine mota imwe chete, kazhinji haina kurongedzerwa nemutongi wemotokari, asi mutongi wemotokari anoshandiswa kudzora mota.Mazhinji makambani makuru ekunze anogona kupa zvigadziriso zvemotokari zvakakura, senge Continental, Bosch, Delphi, nezvimwe.
1. Kuumbwa uye nheyo yemutungamiri wemotokari
Iyo mota yekudzora sisitimu yemotokari yemagetsi yakachena inonyanyo kupatsanurwa kuita zvirongwa zviviri: centralized control uye kugovera kutonga.
Pfungwa yekutanga yecentralized control system ndeyekuti mutongi wemotokari anopedzisa kuunganidzwa kwezviratidzo zvekupinza ega, anoongorora uye anogadzirisa iyo data zvinoenderana nehurongwa hwekutonga, uye obva aburitsa mirairo yekudzora kune yega yega actuator kutyaira yakajairika kutyaira kweiyo. motokari yemagetsi yakachena.Zvakanakira iyo centralized control system ndeye centralized processing, kukurumidza kupindura uye mutengo wakaderera;iyo yakaipa ndeyokuti dunhu rakaoma uye hazvisi nyore kubvisa kupisa.
Pfungwa yekutanga yeiyo yakagoverwa control system ndeyekuti mutyairi wemotokari anounganidza mamwe masaini emutyairi, uye anotaurirana nemota controller uye bhatiri manejimendi system kuburikidza neCAN bhazi.Iyo mota controller uye bhatiri manejimendi system zvakateerana inounganidza masaini emotokari kuburikidza neCAN bhazi.yakapfuudzwa kumubati wemotokari.Mutongi wemotokari anoongorora uye anogadzirisa iyo data zvichienderana neruzivo rwemotokari uye yakasanganiswa nehurongwa hwekutonga.Mushure meiyo mota controller uye bhatiri manejimendi system yagamuchira kuraira kwekutonga, ivo vanodzora mashandiro emota uye kubuda kwebhatiri zvinoenderana neruzivo rwezvino mamiriro emota nebhatiri.Zvakanakira kugoverwa kwekutonga masisitimu ndeye modularity uye yakaderera kuoma;kushata kunodhura zvakanyanya.
Iyo schematic dhizaini yeyakajairwa yakagoverwa yekudzora mota system inoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi.Nzvimbo yepamusoro yegadziriro yemotokari yemotokari ndiyo mutongi wemotokari.Mutariri wemotokari anogamuchira ruzivo rwemutongi wemotokari uye bhatiri manejimendi system kuburikidza neCAN bhazi, uye inopa ruzivo kune mota controller uye bhatiri.Iyo manejimendi sisitimu uye mu-motokari ruzivo rwekuratidzira system inotumira mirairo yekutonga.Iyo mota controller uye bhatiri manejimendi system zvine basa rekutarisa uye manejimendi ekutyaira mota uye bhatiri remagetsi.pack, uye iyo ye-on-board information display system inoshandiswa kuratidza yazvino mamiriro ezvinhu emotokari.
Schematic dhizaini yeyakajairwa yakagoverwa yekudzora mota system
Mufananidzo uri pazasi unoratidza musimboti wekuumbwa kweiyo yakachena yemagetsi mota controller yakagadziriswa nekambani.Iyo hardware yedunhu yemutongi wemotokari inosanganisira mamodule akadai semicrocontroller, switch quantity conditioning, analog quantity conditioning, relay drive, high-speed CAN bus interface, uye simba bhatiri..
Schematic dhizaini yekuumbwa kweiyo yakachena yemagetsi mota mota controller yakagadziriswa nekambani
(1) Microcontroller module Iyo microcontroller module ndiyo musimboti wemutyairi wemotokari.Tichifunga nezvekushanda kweiyo yakachena yemagetsi motokari yemotokari yemotokari uye nzvimbo yekunze yekushanda kwayo, microcontroller module inofanira kuva nepamusoro-speed data processing performance, yakapfuma Maitiro ehudhi yehudhi, mari shoma uye yakakwirira kuvimbika.
(2) Shandura huwandu hwekugadzirisa module Iyo switch quantity conditioning module inoshandiswa padanho rekushandura uye kuumbwa kweiyo switch yekuwedzera huwandu, imwe magumo yakabatana nehuwandu hwekuchinja huwandu hwema sensors., uye imwe magumo yakabatana neiyo microcontroller.
(3) Analog conditioning module Iyo analogue conditioning module inoshandiswa kuunganidza analog masaini e accelerator pedal uye brake pedal, uye atumire kune microcontroller.
(4) Relay yekutyaira module Iyo relay yekutyaira module inoshandiswa kutyaira kuwanda kweiyo relay, imwe magumo ayo akabatana kune microcontroller kuburikidza neoptoelectronic isolator, uye imwe magumo yakabatana kune kuwanda kwerelays.
(5) High-speed CAN bus interface module Iyo yepamusoro-speed CAN bhasi interface module inoshandiswa kupa yakakwira-speed CAN bhazi interface, imwe magumo ayo akabatana neiyo microcontroller kuburikidza neoptoelectronic isolator, uye imwe mugumo yakabatana. kuhurongwa hwebhazi reCAN rinomhanya.
(6) Magetsi emagetsi module Inopa magetsi ega ega emagetsi eiyo microprocessor uye yega yega yekupinza uye yekubuda module, inotarisisa bhatiri voltage, uye yakabatana kune microcontroller.
Mutongi wemotokari anotarisira, anoronga uye anotarisisa zvese zvikamu zvemagetsi emagetsi cheni yekuvandudza simba rekushandisa kwemotokari uye kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye kuvimbika.Mutyairi wemotokari anounganidza chiratidzo chekutyaira kwemutyairi, anotora ruzivo rwakakodzera rwemotokari yemotokari uye simba bhatiri system kuburikidza nebhazi reCAN, anoongorora uye kuverenga, uye anopa kudzora mota uye bhatiri kuraira kuburikidza neCAN bhazi kuona iyo mota drive control uye simba optimization control.uye bhureki simba kudzoreredza kudzora.Mutongi wemotokari anewo ruzivo rwakakwana rwechishandiso chekushandisa, chinogona kuratidza ruzivo rwemamiriro emotokari;ine zvakakwana kukanganisa kuongororwa uye kugadzirisa mabasa;ine mota gedhi uye network manejimendi mabasa.
2. Basa guru remutongi wemotokari
Mutongi wemotokari anounganidza ruzivo rwekutyaira senge accelerator pedal signal, brake pedal signal uye giya switch sign, uye panguva imwe chete inogamuchira iyo data inotumirwa nemotor controller uye bhatiri management system mubhazi reCAN, uye anoongorora ruzivo rwacho pamwe chete nehurongwa hwekudzora mota. uye kutonga, bvisa chinangwa chekutyaira chemutyairi uye mota inomhanya ruzivo rwehurumende, uye pakupedzisira kutumira mirairo kuburikidza neCAN bhazi kudzora basa reumwe neumwe wechikamu controller kuti ave nechokwadi chekutyaira kwakajairwa kwemotokari.Mutariri wemotokari anofanirwa kuve neanotevera mabasa ekutanga.
(1) Basa rekudzora kutyaira kwemotokari Iyo mota yemotokari yemagetsi inofanirwa kuburitsa dhiraivha kana braking torque zvinoenderana nechinangwa chemutyairi.Kana mutyairi anodzvinyirira accelerator pedal kana brake pedal, mota yekutyaira inoda kuburitsa rimwe simba rekutyaira kana regenerative braking simba.Iyo yakakura kuvhurwa kwepedal, ndiko kukura kwesimba rekubuda remota yekutyaira.Naizvozvo, mutongi wemotokari anofanira kutsanangura zvine musoro kushanda kwomutyairi;gamuchira ruzivo rwemhinduro kubva kune subsystems yemotokari kuti upe mhinduro yekuita sarudzo kumutyairi;uye tumira mirairo yekudzora kune subsystems yemotokari kuti uwane yakajairika kutyaira kwemotokari.
(2) Network manejimendi yemotokari yese Mutariri wemotokari ndeimwe yevakawanda vatongi vemagetsi emagetsi uye node muCAN bhazi.Mumotokari network manejimendi, mutongi wemotokari ndiye pakati pekutonga ruzivo, ane mutoro wesangano reruzivo uye kufambisa, network yekutarisa mamiriro, network node manejimendi, uye network kukanganisa kukanganisa uye kugadzirisa.
(3) Kudzoreredzwa kwesimba rekubhureki Chinhu chakakosha chemotokari dzemagetsi dzakasiyana nemotokari dzemoto dzemukati ndechekuti dzinogona kudzoreredza simba rekubhureki.Izvi zvinowanikwa nekushandisa mota yemotokari dzemagetsi dzakachena mune inodzoreredza braking state.Kuongorora kwemutyairi wemotokari Chinangwa chebhureki, simba bhatiri paki mamiriro uye kutyaira mota mamiriro ruzivo, yakasanganiswa neiyo braking simba rekudzoreredza kudzora zano, tumira mota modhi mirairo uye torque mirairo kune mota controller pasi pemamiriro e braking simba kupora, saka iyo dhiraivha Iyo mota inoshanda mumagetsi ekugadzira modhi, uye simba rakadzoserwa nemagetsi braking rinochengetwa musimba rebhatiri pack pasina kukanganisa kuita kwebhureki, kuitira kuti uone kudzoreredza kwesimba rekubhureki.
(4) Mota yemagetsi manejimendi uye optimization Mumotokari dzemagetsi dzakachena, bhatiri remagetsi haringopi simba kumota yekutyaira, asi rinopawo simba kumagetsi emagetsi.Naizvozvo, kuti uwane huwandu hwekutyaira hwepamusoro, mutongi wemotokari ndiye achaita basa remagetsi ese emotokari.Energy manejimendi kuvandudza kushandiswa kwesimba.Kana iyo SOC kukosha kwebhatiri yakadzikira, mutongi wemotokari anotumira mirairo kune mamwe magetsi ekugadzirisa simba rekubuda remagetsi ekuwedzera huwandu hwekutyaira.
(5) Kuongorora uye kuratidzwa kwemamiriro emotokari Ruzivo rwakadai sesimba, huwandu hwemagetsi, sero voltage, tembiricha yebhatiri uye kukanganisa, uye wozotumira aya chaiwo-nguva ruzivo kumotokari ruzivo rwekuratidzira system kuburikidza neCAN bhazi rekuratidzwa.Mukuwedzera, mutongi wemotokari anogara achiona kutaurirana kwemodule imwe neimwe paCAN bhazi.Kana ikaona kuti node mubhazi haigone kutaurirana zvakajairwa, icharatidza ruzivo rwekukanganisa pamotokari yeruzivo system, uye kutora matanho anonzwisisika emamiriro ekukurumidzira anoenderana.kugadzirisa kudzivirira kuitika kwemamiriro ezvinhu akanyanyisa, kuitira kuti mutyairi anogona zvakananga uye zvakarurama kuwana ruzivo rwemazuva ano ehurumende yemotokari.
(6) Mhosva yekuongororwa uye kugadzirisa Ramba uchitarisa mota yemagetsi control system yekuongororwa mhosva.Chiratidzo chekukanganisa chinoratidza chikamu chekukanganisa uye mamwe makodhi ezvikanganiso.Zvinoenderana nezvikanganiso zvemukati, panguva yakakodzera ita zvinoenderana nekuchengetedza kuchengetedza kugadzirisa.Nokuda kwezvikanganiso zvakakomba, zvinokwanisika kutyaira nekumhanya kwakaderera kune chiteshi chekuchengetedza chiri pedyo chekugadzirisa.
(7) Iyo yekunze yekuchaja manejimendi inoona kubatana kwekuchaja, inotarisisa maitiro ekuchaja, inoshuma mamiriro ekuchaja, uye inopedza kuchaja.
(8) Kuongororwa kwepamhepo uye kuona pasina pamhepo kwemidziyo yekuongorora ine basa rekubatanidza uye kuongororwa kutaurirana nemidziyo yekunze yekuongorora, uye inoziva masevhisi ekuongorora eUDS, anosanganisira kuverenga nzizi dzedata, kuverenga nekubvisa makodhi emhosva, uye kugadzirisa zviteshi zvekudzora. .
Mufananidzo uri pasi apa muenzaniso weiyo yakachena yemagetsi motokari yemotokari.Inotaridza chinangwa chemutyairi nekuunganidza masaini ekudzora panguva yekutyaira nekuchaja, inotarisira uye kuronga mota yemagetsi ekudzora michina kuburikidza nebhazi reCAN, uye inoshandisa mhando dzakasiyana dzemhando dzakasiyana.Kudzora zano rekuona mota drive control, simba optimization control, braking simba rekudzoreredza kutonga uye network manejimendi.Mutariri wemotokari anotora matekinoroji akadai semicrocomputer, akangwara simba dhiraivha uye CAN bhazi, uye ane hunhu hwekupindura kwakanaka kwesimba, kurongeka kwesampling, kugona kwakasimba kunopesana nekukanganisa uye kuvimbika kwakanaka.
Muenzaniso weiyo yakachena yemagetsi mota controller
3. Vehicle Controller Design Zvinodiwa
Masensa anotumira masaini zvakananga kumutongi wemotokari anosanganisira accelerator pedal sensor, brake pedal sensor uye giya switch, umo inokwirisa pedal sensor uye brake pedal sensor inobuda masaini masaini, uye chiratidzo chinobuda chegiya switch chiratidzo chekuchinja.Mutongi wemotokari anodzora zvisina kunanga mashandiro emota yekutyaira uye kuchaja uye kuburitsa bhatiri remagetsi nekutumira mirairo kune mota controller uye bhatiri manejimendi system, uye anoona pane-kunze kwe-on-board module nekudzora iyo huru relay. .
Zvinoenderana nekuumbwa kweiyo mota yekudzora network uye kuongororwa kweiyo yekupinza uye yekubuda masaini emutongi wemotokari, mutongi wemotokari anofanirwa kuita zvinotevera zvehunyanzvi zvinodiwa.
① Paunenge uchigadzira dhizaini yehardware, nharaunda yekutyaira yemotokari yemagetsi inofanirwa kutariswa zvizere, kuenderana kwemagetsi kunofanirwa kutariswa, uye kugona kwekudzivirira kunofanirwa kuvandudzwa.Mutongi wemotokari anofanirwa kunge aine humwe kuzvidzivirira kugona musoftware uye hardware kudzivirira kuitika kwemamiriro akanyanya.
② Mutariri wemotokari anofanirwa kuve neI/O inopindirana yakakwana kuti ikwanise kukurumidza uye nemazvo kuunganidza ruzivo rwakasiyana rwekupinza, uye angangoita maviri maA/D ekushandura chiteshi kuunganidza accelerator pedal masaini uye mabhureki masaini masaini.Iyo dhijitari yekupinda chiteshi inoshandiswa kuunganidza iyo mota giya chiratidzo, uye panofanirwa kuve neakawanda emagetsi dhiraivha siginecha inobuda nzira dzekutyaira mota relay.
③ Mutongi wemotokari anofanirwa kuve neakasiyana-siyana ekutaurirana.Iyo CAN yekutaurirana interface inoshandiswa kutaurirana nemota controller, iyo bhatiri manejimendi system uye yemotokari ruzivo rwekuratidzira system.Iyo RS232 yekutaurirana interface inoshandiswa kutaurirana nekombuta inotambira, uye RS-485 yekutaurirana interface yakachengetwa./ 422 kutaurirana interface, iyo inogona kuenderana nemidziyo isingatsigire CAN kutaurirana, senge mamwe mamodheru emota touch screens.
④ Pasi pemamiriro akasiyana emugwagwa, mota ichasangana nekukatyamadzwa kwakasiyana uye kudedera.Mutariri wemotokari anofanirwa kuve nekukatyamadza kupikisa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuvimbika uye kuchengetedzeka kwemota.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-09-2022