Iyo inogara magineti mota inoshandisa magineti echigarire kugadzira iyo magineti yemota, haidi ekusimudzira coils kana excitation ikozvino, ine hunyanzvi hwekuita uye chimiro chakareruka, uye yakanaka inochengetedza simba mota.Nekuuya kwepamusoro-kushanda kwechigarire magineti zvinhu uye nekukurumidza kukura kwekutonga tekinoroji.Iko kushandiswa kwemagineti echigarire mota kuchawedzera kuwanda. 
Iyo nhoroondo yekuvandudza yekusingaperi magineti mota Iko kuvandudzwa kwemagineti echigarire motors kwakabatana zvakanyanya nekuvandudzwa kwezvinhu zvisingaperi zvemagineti.nyika yangu ndiyo nyika yekutanga pasirese kuwana iyo magineti zvimiro zvechigarire magineti zvinhu uye kuzvishandisa kudzidzira.Makore anopfuura zviuru zviviri apfuura, nyika yedu yakashandisa magineti echigarire magineti zvinhu kugadzira kambasi, iyo yakaita basa rakakura mukufamba, mauto uye mamwe minda.Yakava imwe yezvigadzirwa zvina zvikuru munyika yangu yekare. Mota yekutanga yenyika yakaonekwa kuma1820s yaive mota yemagineti yechigarire ine simba rekusimudzira remagineti rinogadzirwa nemagineti echigarire.Nekudaro, iyo yechigarire magineti yakashandiswa panguva iyoyo yaive yepanyama magnetite (Fe3O4), iyo ine yakaderera magineti simba density, uye mota yakagadzirwa kubva mairi yaive yakakura, uye munguva pfupi yakatsiviwa nemagetsi ekusimudzira mota. Nekukurumidza kukura kwemamota akasiyana uye nekugadzirwa kweazvino magineti, vanhu vakaita tsvakiridzo yakadzama pamusoro pemashini, kuumbwa uye kugadzira tekinoroji yezvigadzirwa zvemagineti zvechigarire, uye vakawana zvakatevedzana kabhoni simbi uye tungsten simbi (iyo yakanyanya magineti simba chigadzirwa. inenge 2.7 kJ/m3), cobalt simbi (yakanyanya magineti simba chigadzirwa inenge 7.2 kJ/m3) uye zvimwe zvechigarire magineti zvinhu. Kunyanya, magineti eAlNiCo echigarire akaonekwa muma1930s (iyo yakanyanya magineti simba chigadzirwa inogona kusvika 85 kJ/m3) uye magineti echigarire aionekwa muma1950s (iyo yakanyanya magineti simba chigadzirwa ikozvino inogona kusvika 40 kJ/m3) zvakasiyana-siyana magnetic properties.Nekuvandudzwa kukuru, akasiyana madiki uye madiki motors akashandisa chisingaperi magineti excitation.Simba remagineti echigarire injini idiki semamilliwatts mashoma uye rakakura semakumi emakilowatts.Iwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwemauto, maindasitiri uye ekurima uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva, uye kuburitsa kwakawedzera zvakanyanya.Saizvozvo, panguva ino, mabudiro akaitwa mune yedhizaini dhizaini, nzira yekuverenga, magnetization uye tekinoroji yekugadzira yeanogara magineti mota, uye seti yekuongorora uye nzira dzekutsvagisa dzinomiririrwa nedhizaini rekushanda remagineti asingagumi akaumbwa. 
Nekudaro, iyo coercivity yeAlNiCo magineti echigarire yakaderera (36-160 kA/m), uye remanence density yemagineti asingagumi eferrite haina kukwirira (0.2-0.44 T), iyo inomisa kushanda kwavo mumamotor.Kusvika kuma1960 nema1980, isingawanzo pasi cobalt magineti echigarire uye neodymium iron boron magineti echigarire (ose akaunganidzwa anonzi magineti asingawanzo pasi echigarire) akabuda rimwe pashure peimwe, nehupamhi hweremanence density, kukwirira kumanikidza, yakakwirira magineti simba chigadzirwa uye mutsara demagnetization. curve.Iyo yakanakisa magineti zvimiro zvechigarire magineti mota inonyanya kukodzera kugadzirwa kwemagetsi mota, kuitira kuti kuvandudzwa kwemagineti echigarire kwakapinda munguva itsva yenhoroondo. Hunhu uye mashandisirwo echigarire magineti mota Kuenzaniswa neyechinyakare magetsi ekusimudzira mota, echigarire magineti mota, kunyanya isingawanzo-yepasi isingaperi magineti mota, ine mabhenefiti ari pachena senge chimiro chakareruka uye kushanda kwakavimbika;saizi duku uye uremu huremu;kurasikirwa kwakaderera uye kubudirira kwepamusoro;chimiro uye saizi yemota inogona kuchinjika uye yakasiyana..Naizvozvo, huwandu hwekushandisa hwakakura zvakanyanya, huchivhara dzinenge minda yese yeaerospace, dziviriro yenyika, maindasitiri nekurima kugadzirwa uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva.Iwo makuru maficha eakajairwa akajairika magineti mota uye mashandisirwo awo makuru anotsanangurwa pazasi. Kuenzaniswa neyechinyakare jenareta, iyo isingaperi magineti synchronous jenareta yeasingawanzo pasi isingaperi maginereta jenareta haidi muunganidzi mhete uye mudziyo webhurashi, uye ine chimiro chakareruka uye inoderedza chiyero chekutadza.Iko kushandiswa kweasingawanzo pasi magineti echigarire kunogona zvakare kuwedzera mhepo gap remagineti density, kuwedzera mota kumhanya kune yakanyanya kukosha, uye kunatsiridza chiyero chesimba-kune-misa.Anenge ese majenareta anoshandiswa mukubhururuka kwemazuva ano uye aerospace anoshandisa zvisingawanzo pasi pechigarire maginereta.Zvigadzirwa zvayo zvinokwana 150 kVA 14-pole 12 000 r/min～21 000 r/min uye 100 kVA 60 000 r/min zvisingawanzo pasi cobalt magineti anowirirana majenareta anogadzirwa neGeneral Electric Company yekuUnited States.Yekutanga isingawanzo ginereta yepasi yemagineti yakagadziridzwa muChina ndeye 3 kW 20 000 r/min inogara magineta jenareta. 
Iyo inogara magineta jenareta inoshandiswawo seyayamutsiridzo yeiyo huru-yakakura steam turbine jenareta.Mumakore ekuma1980, nyika yangu yakabudirira kugadzira iyo 40 kVA ~ 160 kVA isingawanzo pasi isingaperi magineti ebetsero exciter ine hukuru hukuru pasi rose panguva iyoyo.Kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuvimbika kwekushanda kwechiteshi chemagetsi. Parizvino, majenareta madiki anofambiswa neinjini dzinopisa dzemukati dzemagetsi akazvimiririra, majenareta echigarire emagetsi emotokari, uye majenareta emhepo madiki echigarire emhepo anofambiswa zvakananga nematurbine emhepo ari kusimudzirwa zvishoma nezvishoma. Basa rakakosha rechigarire magineti mota munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekushandisa 1 Simba rinochengetedza pasi risingawanzo gineti magineti motors anonyanya kushandiswa kushandiswa, senge isingawanzo pasi isingaperi magineti synchronous motors yemachira uye makemikari fiber maindasitiri, peturu, migodhi, isingawanzo pasi isingaperi magineti synchronous motors mumugodhi wemarasha wekufambisa muchina, isingawanzo pasi isingaperi magineti. synchronous motors kutyaira akasiyana pombi uye mafeni. 2 Yakasiyana-siyana isingawanzo gineti yepasi inogara magineti mota dzinoshandiswa nemhando dzakasiyana dzemota (mota, midhudhudhu, zvitima), uye isingawanzo pasi isingaperi magineti mota ndiyo musika mukuru.Zvinoenderana nenhamba, inenge 70% yeasingawanzo pasi magineti motors anoshandiswa mumotokari.Kune mota dzemhando yepamusoro, kune anopfuura makumi manomwe seti emamota ekushandisa kwakasiyana.Sezvo zvinodikanwa zveakasiyana mota mota zvakasiyana, kusarudzwa kwechigarire magineti zvinhu zvakasiyana.Magineti emota anoshandiswa muair conditioners, mafeni, uye mahwindo emagetsi.Kubva pamaonero emutengo, zvakanakira ferrite zvichaenderera mberi mune ramangwana.Ignition coils, madhiraivha, uye masensa achiri kushandisa Sm-Co sintered magineti.Uye zvakare, zvikamu zvemotokari, asiwo mota dzemagetsi hazvigone kufuratirwa, seyakagadzikana nharaunda (EV) uye hybrid mota dzemagetsi (HEV). 3 Kashoma pasi pechigarire magineti mota AC servo system Seti yemagetsi yekubatanidza michina ine zvemagetsi, kuita kwepamusoro uye kumhanya kudzora system.Iyo sisitimu ndeye inozvidzora inogara inogara magineti synchronous mota muviri.Iyo sisitimu inoshandiswa mukuvandudza CNC muchina maturusi, inoshanduka kugadzira tekinoroji;uyewo mumotokari dzemagetsi, panzvimbo pemotokari dzechinyakare dzinofambiswa nemoto, kuitira rusununguko rwekubuda kwemotokari.Rare pasi pechigarire magineti mota inovimbisa yepamusoro-tech indasitiri. 4 Munda mutsva uyu unonyanya kutsigirwa neiyo yakaderera-simba isingawanzo pasi magineti synchronous mota variable frequency control control system yemhepo nyowani uye mafiriji, isina waya yemagetsi gadget eakasiyana asingawanzo epasi anogara magineti DC micro motors, isingawanzo pasi isingaperi magineti brushless. DC motors zviridzwa zvine simba rakasiyana.Mota dzakadaro dziri mukuda kukuru. 5 Zvisingawanzo zvepasi zvechigarire magineti zvine zvakanakira mune aerospace application zvinoita kuti ive yakakodzera kwazvo kune aero-injini yekushandisa.Kunyangwe paine mamwe mashandisirwo easingawanzo epasi echigarire magineti mota mumhepo (senge jenareta voltage uye pfupi-sekete dziviriro, nezvimwewo), nyanzvi dzekumba nekune dzimwe nyika dzinobvuma kuti isingawanzo pasi isingaperi magineti mota inzira yakakosha yekusimudzira chizvarwa chitsva. yeaero-injini. mutengo nyaya
Ferrite anogara magineti mota, kunyanya magineti echigarire magineti eDC, akashandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwechimiro chawo chakareruka uye maitiro, akaderedzwa mashoma, uye kazhinji akadzikira mutengo wakakwana pane emagetsi ekusimudzira mota.Sezvo magineti epasi asingawanzo echigarire achiri kudhura pari zvino, mutengo weasingawanzo pasi isingaperi magineti mota kazhinji wakakwira kupfuura iwo emagetsi ekusimudzira mota, ayo anoda kubhadharwa nekuita kwayo kwepamusoro uye kuchengetedza mari yekushandisa.
Mune dzimwe nguva, senge voice coil motors yekombuta disk drive, mashandiro eNdFeB magineti echigarire anovandudzwa, huwandu nehuremu hwakadzikiswa zvakanyanya, uye mutengo wakazara wakaderedzwa.Mukugadzira, zvinodikanwa kuenzanisa kuita uye mutengo zvinoenderana neaya chaiwo nguva dzekushandisa uye zvinodiwa kuti usarudze sarudzo, asi zvakare nekuvandudza maitiro ekugadzirisa uye dhizaini dhizaini kudzikisa mutengo.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-20-2022