Mahle, kambani yeGerman auto parts, yakagadzira mota dzemagetsi dzakasimba dzeEVs, uye hazvitarisirwe kuti pachave nekumanikidzwa pakupihwa uye kudiwa kwepasi risingawanzo.
Kusiyana neinjini dzinopisa dzemukati, chimiro chekutanga uye musimboti wekushanda wemagetsi emagetsi zviri nyore zvinoshamisa.Ndinofunga kuti vanhu vazhinji vakatamba ne “four-wheel drive” vachiri vadiki.Pane injini yemagetsi mairi.
Nheyo yekushanda yemota ndeyekuti iyo magineti inoshanda pasimba rezvino kuita kuti mota itenderere.Mota mudziyo unoshandura simba remagetsi kuita simba remagetsi.Inoshandisa coil ine simba kugadzira inotenderera yemagineti uye inoshanda pane rotor kuumba magnetoelectric simba rekutenderera torque.Iyo mota iri nyore kushandisa, yakavimbika mukushanda, yakaderera mumutengo uye yakasimba muchimiro.
Zvinhu zvakawanda kwazvo muhupenyu hwedu zvinogona kutenderera, senge maomese ebvudzi, vacuum cleaners, nezvimwe, zvine mota.
Iyo mota mumotokari yakachena yemagetsi yakakura uye yakaoma, asi musimboti wekutanga wakafanana.
Zvinhu zvinodiwa kufambisa simba mumotokari, uye zvinhu zvinofambisa magetsi kubva mubhatiri ndiyo coil yemhangura mukati memota.Chinhu chinoumba simba remagineti imagnetti.Aya zvakare ndiwo maviri akanyanya kukosha zvinhu zvinogadzira mota.
Munguva yakapfuura, magineti aishandiswa mumagetsi emagetsi ainyanya kugarisa magineti akagadzirwa nesimbi, asi dambudziko nderekuti simba remagineti rinogumira.Saka kana iwe ukadzoreredza mota kusvika pahukuru hwaino plug mu smartphone nhasi, hauwane simba remagineti raunoda.
Zvisinei, muna 1980, rudzi rutsva rwemagineti asingagumi rwakaonekwa, inonzi "neodymium magnet".Magineti eNeodymium akasimba zvakapetwa kaviri semagineti emazuva ese.Nekuda kweizvozvo, inoshandiswa munzeve uye mahedhifoni madiki uye ane simba kupfuura mafoni.Mukuwedzera, hazvisi zvakaoma kuwana "neodymium magnets" muupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva.Ikozvino, vamwe vatauri, vabiki vekupinza, uye nharembozha muhupenyu hwedu dzine "neodymium magineti".
Chikonzero icho maEVs anotanga nekukurumidza nhasi nekuda kwe "neodymium magineti" anogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya saizi kana kubuda kwemota.Zvisinei, mushure mokupinda muzana remakore rechi21, dambudziko idzva rakamuka nekuda kwekushandiswa kwepasi risingawanzoitiki mumagineti eodymium.Zvizhinji zvezviwanikwa zvepasi zvisingawanzo zviri muChina.Zvinoenderana nenhamba, inosvika 97% yepasirese pasi rose magineti mbishi zvinhu zvinopihwa neChina.Parizvino, kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kwechinhu ichi kwakarambidzwa zvakanyanya.
Mushure mekugadzira magineti eneodymium, masayendisiti akaedza uye akatadza kugadzira magineti madiki, akasimba, uye akachipa.Sezvo China ichidzora kupihwa kweakasiyana simbi simbi uye isingawanzo pasi, vamwe vaongorori vanotenda kuti mutengo wemotokari dzemagetsi hauzodzike sezvaitarisirwa.
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, zvakadaro, iyo yeGerman mota tekinoroji uye zvikamu zvekuvandudza kambani "Mahle" yakabudirira kugadzira rudzi rutsva rwemota iyo isina zvisingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi zvachose.Iyo mota yakagadziridzwa haina magineti zvachose.
Iyi nzira yemotor inozivikanwa se "induction motor" uye inogadzira magineti kuburikidza nekupfuura ikozvino kuburikidza ne stator pachinzvimbo chemagineti umo ikozvino inogona kuyerera.Panguva ino, kana rotor inobatwa nemagnetic field, ichaita kuti electromotive simba rinogona kuita, uye maviri aya anopindirana kuti abudise simba rekutenderera.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kana magineti akagadzirwa zvachose nekuputira mota ine magineti echigarire, saka nzira yacho ndeyekutsiva magineti echigarire nemagetsi.Iyi nzira ine zvakawanda zvinobatsira, nheyo yekushanda iri nyore, uye inogara yakasimba.Kunyanya kukosha, kune kushomeka kushoma mukupisa kwekugadzira kupisa, uye chimwe chezvakaipira neodymium magineti ndechekuti kuita kwavo kunodzikira kana kupisa kwakanyanya kunogadzirwa.
Asi iyo inewo zvipingamupinyi, sezvo ikozvino inoramba ichiyerera pakati pe stator uye rotor, kupisa kwakanyanya.Zvechokwadi, zvinokwanisika kushandisa zvakanaka kupisa kunokonzerwa nekukohwa uye kuishandisa semoto mukati memoto.Kupfuura izvozvo, pane akati wandei downsides.Asi MAHLE akazivisa kuti aive abudirira kugadzira mota isina magineti yaigadzirisa kutadza kwemotor induction.
MAHLE ine mabhenefiti maviri makuru mune yayo ichangobva kugadzirwa isina magineti mota.Imwe haina kukanganiswa nekusagadzikana kweashoma pasi pekupa uye kudiwa.Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, mazhinji emasimbi epasi asingawanzo anoshandiswa mumagineti echigarire ari kupihwa neChina, asi asiri magineti mota haana kukanganiswa nekumanikidzwa kwepasi isingawanzo.Mukuwedzera, sezvo zvisingawanzo midziyo yevhu isingashandiswi, inogona kupihwa nemutengo wakaderera.
Imwe yacho ndeyekuti inoratidza kunyatso shanda, ine mota dzinowanzo shandiswa mumotokari dzemagetsi dzine hunyanzvi hunosvika 70-95%.Mune mamwe mazwi, kana iwe ukapa 100% yesimba, unogona kupa zvakanyanya 95% yezvakabuda.Zvisinei, mukuita uku, nekuda kwekurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvakadai sekurasikirwa kwesimbi, kurasikirwa kwekubuda hakudzivisiki.
Nekudaro, Mahler anonzi anopfuura 95% anoshanda mune dzakawanda zviitiko uye akakwira se96% mune dzimwe nguva.Kunyange nhamba chaidzo dzisati dzaziviswa, tarisira kuwedzera kudiki kwerenji uchienzaniswa neyakapfuura modhi.
Chekupedzisira, MAHLE akatsanangura kuti yakagadziridzwa magineti-isina mota haingogone kushandiswa mumotokari dzemagetsi dzevafambi, asi zvakare inogona kushandiswa mumotokari dzekutengesa kuburikidza nekukwidziridzwa.MAHLE akati akatanga tsvakiridzo yekugadzirwa kwevanhu vakawanda, uye anotenda zvakasimba kuti kana kugadzirwa kwemotokari itsva kwapera, achange ave kukwanisa kupa mota dzakagadzikana, dzinodhura uye dzinoshanda zvakanyanya.
Kana tekinoroji iyi ikapedzwa, pamwe tekinoroji yeMAHLE yepamusoro yemagetsi inogona kuve nzvimbo itsva yekutangira yehunyanzvi hwemotokari yemagetsi iri nani.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-04-2023